Commonly Used Terms and Definitions
Cisgender
Someone whose gender assignment at birth aligns with their current gender identity.
Gender expression
How a person enacts or expresses their gender in everyday life and within the context of their culture and society. Expression of gender through physical appearance may include dress, hairstyle, accessories, cosmetics, hormonal and surgical interventions as well as mannerisms, speech, behavioral patterns, and names. A person’s gender expression may or may not conform to a person’s gender identity.
Gender identity
The internal sense of one's gender, encompassing how an individual perceives themselves as male, female, both, neither, or any other gender identity.
Gender incongruence
A diagnostic term used in the ICD-11 that describes a person’s marked and persistent experience of an incompatibility between that person’s gender identity and the gender expected of them based on their birth-assigned sex. Gender Incongruence may then lead to a state of distress or discomfort called gender dysphoria.
Intersex
People born with sex or reproductive characteristics that do not fit binary definitions of female or male.
Legal sex
Legal sex refers to the current designation on a person's birth certificate, driver's license, and/or U.S. state identification.
Nonbinary
Those with gender identities outside the gender binary. Examples of nonbinary gender identities are genderqueer, gender diverse, genderfluid, demigender, bigender, and agender.
Pronouns
Pronouns serve as references to individuals in the third person, including common forms like he/him/his, she/her/hers, they/them/theirs, or any other combination. Determining someone's pronouns solely by appearance or voice is not accurate. The most respectful approach is to ask individuals about their preferred pronouns to ensure correct usage.
Sex assigned at birth
A designation assigned to a person at birth determined by medical criteria like hormones, chromosomes, and genitalia.
Sexual orientation
The sexual, emotional, and romantic attraction an individual has for another person.
- Heterosexual (straight): This term refers to individuals primarily attracted to the opposite gender. It encompasses women mainly attracted to men and men mainly attracted to women.
- Gay: Individuals who are predominantly attracted to the same gender as themselves fall under this category. This includes men primarily attracted to men and women primarily attracted to women.
- Lesbian: Specifically, this term describes women who are primarily attracted to other women.
- Bisexual: Individuals who experience attraction to two or more genders identify as bisexual. This can include attraction to both genders or attraction to one's own gender as well as other genders.
Transgender
Transgender individuals have a gender identity that differs from the sex they were assigned at birth. Here are some examples:
- A transgender male is someone who was assigned female at birth but identifies as male.
- A transgender female is someone who was assigned male at birth but identifies as female.